Experience on board in relation to Leadership by Superiors.

Hi, and welcome to my last post in this blog. Since it is my last post here, it is only fitting that I talk about my experience on board in relation to the leadership of my superiors. I had the golden opportunity to sail on board a RoRo vessel named Pyxis Leader for a period of about 10 months. I had the chance to experience 2 different Chief Officers during my time on board.

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The first Chief Officer, in my opinion, has a strong and confident personality. He is the kind who is very willing to teach new things to us cadets (there are 2 cadets at all times on board this vessel). At the same time, he is also strict and not hesitant to scold us in case of any mistakes. He is the kind who is willing to protect his crew when interrogated by Master if and when he feels that the crew had done nothing wrong. I am also thankful to him as he entrusted me behind the wheel to steer the ship during port entry.

Me in action during drill

The 2^nd Chief Officer that I sailed with had a little soft side to him. He always succumbs to pressure that is exerted by the Master. He would “let it out”, so to speak, on crew members whenever things are not going on smoothly. He however is the kind who is willing to listen to opinions and ideas. He is also the type to teach us passionately especially to us cadets (there are 2 cadets at all times on board) especially in subjects related to navigation.

 Me and fellow cadet

Overall, having served on board with 2 different chief mates thought me a lot about prioritization, communication skills and willingness to listen to alternative ideas in difficult situations. A common parameter between them is that they are expert in situational behaviour. They know how to turn up the pressure during critical operations and at the same time laugh around during our precious and limited leisure time on board.

Me together with mess man and fellow cadet

 In a nutshell, I would say that after training under 2 different superiors, there is a lot of leadership traits that I can pick up and put in good use in the future. I hope to at least perform at their level if not better.

Thank you.

Staffing

Staffing is a critical organizational function which consists of the process of acquiring, deploying, and retaining a workforce of sufficient quantity and quality to create positive impacts on the effectiveness of the organization. It is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it manned. Staffing has assumed greater importance in the recent years due to advancement of technology, increase in size of business, complexity of human behavior etc. The main purpose o staffing is to put right man on right job i.e. square pegs in square holes and round pegs in round holes.

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A good example to look at in terms of a manager hiring the right man or woman for the right job is the Justin Trudeau's (Canada's Prime Minister) Liberal cabinet. Justin Trudeau is winning high marks for appointing a federal cabinet that includes Canadians from many walks of life. They include a millionaire businessman, a geoscientist, a Paralympian and a refugee who fled the Taliban. Half of them are women.

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His finance minister has Master’s degrees in economics and business administration, has a long and successful Bay Street career as founder of a company that now employs more than 3,000, and in which his holdings are reportedly valued at $30 million. He founded a special school for Somali and Sudanese youth in an African refugee camp in his spare time.

Health Minister Jane Philpott spent a decade practicing medicine in Africa, raised $4 million towards AIDS treatment and helped found Ethiopia’s first training program for family medicine. Justice Minister Jody Wilson-Raybould served as a Crown prosecutor in one of Vancouver’s worst neighbourhoods, headed a commission overseeing treaty negotiations with First Nations and has a long and impressive resume of contributions to First Nations governance. Marc Garneau was the first Canadian astronaut to fly in space. Defence Minister Harjit Sajjan spent 11 years as a Vancouver cop before serving with the Canadian Forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Afghanistan.

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• Staffing helps in discovering and obtaining competent personnel for various jobs.
• It helps in the optimum utilization of the human resources.
• It helps in developing professionals in every field of organizational activity.
• It helps to improve the quantity and quality of the output by putting the right person on the right job.
• It helps in developing competencies in the organization to face the challenges.
• It helps to improve job satisfaction of the employees and hence their morale.
• It facilitates higher productive performance of the organization by appointing right man for right job.
• It reduces the cost of manpower by eliminating the wastage of the human resources.
• It facilitates growth and diversification activities in the organization.
• It provides for the development of the employees and through them it ensures continuous survival and growth of the organization.

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My Role Model - Abraham Lincoln

As the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln represents the perfect role model for me and many of his deeds and actions throughout his career can be looked upon as a good example for lessons in life. 

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Brief Biography

Abraham Lincoln came from humble beginnings. He was born in a single-room log cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His parents were Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln. His father lost everything when Abraham was young and they had to move to Perry County, Indiana where they struggled to get by. When he was just nine years old, his mother died and his sister Sarah took care of him until his father remarried.

Abraham had very little formal education, but had a strong interest in books and learning. Most of what he learned was self-educated and from books he borrowed. His family later moved to Illinois where Lincoln would set out on his own.

As a young man, Lincoln worked a variety of jobs including shopkeeper, surveyor, and postmaster. For a time, he even split firewood with an axe for a living. He soon moved into politics and won a seat in the Illinois Legislature when he was 25.

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Top Qualities

President Abraham Lincoln appointed the best and brightest to his Cabinet, individuals who were also some of his greatest political rivals. He demonstrated his leadership by pulling this group together into a unique team that represented the greatest minds of his time, according to historian Doris Kearns Goodwin.

1)Capacity to Listen to Different Points of View

While researching her Pulitzer Prize winning book, Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln, Kearns Goodwin learned that Lincoln had the capacity to listen to different points of view. He created a climate where Cabinet members were free to disagree without fear of retaliation. At the same time, he knew when to stop the discussion and after listening to the various opinions, make a final decision.

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2)Ability to Learn on the Job

Lincoln was able to acknowledge errors, learn from them, and then move. In this way, he established a culture of learning in his administration, said Kearns Goodwin.

3)Ready Willingness to Share Credit for Success

In response to concerns expressed by friends about the actions of some of his Cabinet members, Lincoln stated that the "path to success and ambition is broad enough for two" said Kearns Goodwin. When there was success, Lincoln shared the credit with all of those involved.

4)Ready Willingness to Share Blame for Failure

When mistakes were made by members of his Cabinet, Lincoln stood up for them said Kearns Goodwin. When contracts related to the war effort raised serious questions about a member of his administration, Lincoln spoke up and indicated that he and his entire Cabinet were to blame.

5)Awareness of Own Weaknesses

Kearns Goodwin noted that one of the weaknesses acknowledged by Lincoln was his tendency to give people too many chances and because he was aware, he was able to compensate for that weakness. As an example, she stated that George McClellan, Commander in Chief of the Union Army, refused to follow directives about the war effort. Lincoln eventually set a deadline and eventually removed McClellan from the position.

6)Ability to Control Emotions

According to Kearns Goodwin, Lincoln treated those he worked with well. However, he did get angry and frustrated, so he found a way to channel those emotions. He was known to sit down and write what he referred to as a “hot letter” to the individual he was angry with and then he would set the letter aside and not send it. If he did lose his temper, Lincoln would follow up with a kind gesture or letter to let the individual know he was not holding a grudge, said Kearns Goodwin. She noted that one of the letters was released as part of Lincoln’s Presidential papers with a notation that it was never signed nor sent.

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7)Go Out into the Field and Manage Directly

During the Civil War, many soldiers died and there were many ups and downs. Lincoln established lasting connections with the troops by visiting the battlefield and hospitals, which also helped bolster morale.Lincoln also spent time talking with members of the public, taking ‘public opinion baths’ according to Kearns Goodwin. He held public receptions and made a point of shaking everyone’s hand and speaking to each individual.

8)Strength to Adhere to Fundamental Goals

In the summer of 1864, said Kearns Goodwin, the war was not going well for the North. Members of his political party came to Lincoln and said that there was no way to win the war and he might need to compromise on slavery. Lincoln held firm on the issue of slavery and turned away from this advice.

9)Ability to Communicate Goals and Vision

Kearns Goodwin stated that Lincoln had a “remarkable ability to communicate his goals to his countrymen.” He made concepts simple and communicated with an understanding of the concerns of the citizens.

When the war ended and he won reelection, Lincoln did not focus on his achievements said Kearns Goodwin. Rather, in his second inaugural speech, Lincoln focused on bringing the country together as expressed in the following excerpt. “With malice toward none, with charity for all, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.”

All of the above qualtities clearly portrayed "Honest Abe's" qualities as not only a leader who was smart, but also has a touch of class, quality and retains the human elements such as compassion for other beings and the conscience to treat anyone of any ethnicity as an equal.

Shisha or Hookah??? What's the difference?

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Alternative smoking techniques and gadgets, for example, the shisha and hookah have turned out to be progressively prominent, particularly among adolescents and the young, as of late as individuals take them up for recreational utilize or as a less hurtful contrasting option to the destructive, more costly cigarette. Shisha is a term used to allude to the famous routine with regards to smoking a tobacco substance through a bowl or pipe, known as a hookah. The two are frequently stirred up or attempted to be the same, and the terms are along these lines utilized as though to mean a similar thing. While the two are associated, be that as it may, shisha and hookah are really two completely extraordinary things through and through, thus alluding to them along these lines is in actuality mistaken. 

So what precisely are the distinctions, and what does each term really mean?

Hookah

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Hookah' is the official name for the water pipe through which different substances can be smoked or vaporized. Prior to the user inhaling the vapor or smoke, it goes through a water bowl, one of the principle highlights of the gadget which is regularly made of glass. In spite of the fact that the hookah has just turned out to be generally utilized and surely understood in the Western world over the most recent couple of decades, it has been a typical and well known practice in numerous different parts of the world as far back as the sixteenth century when it initially came into fulfillment. It was at first created in India and is therefore most basic in India and also the Middle East, where it has turned out to be to some degree installed in their way of life and become something of a custom, as opposed to an insignificant side interest. 

In Arabic nations, the pipes themselves are frequently thought to be works of art, with many-sided and all around created outlined hookahs being typical. It is likewise normal for the instrument to be utilized as a part of open or for it to be on offer in eateries in places like Nepal and Egypt. Actually, it is so well known in the Middle East that a Shisha bistro culture has created, with devoted parlors for individuals to loosen up. Presently, individuals everywhere throughout the world have gotten on it, with the hookah taking off in notoriety crosswise over America, Europe, Australia and Southeast Asia.

Shisha

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Not to be mistaken for the hookah, which, as we have set up, alludes to the real pipe itself, 'shisha' is the name for the tobacco utilized inside it, by and large organic product seasoned. While it is without a doubt the most prominent substance to be smoked or vaped utilizing a hookah, this isn't the main manner by which it is smoked, with a lot of other 'shisha' construct items accessible in light of the market, similar to e-cigarettes and pen containing it. 

In spite of the fact that this is the formal importance of shisha, in pop culture it is generally acknowledged as a word that can likewise be utilized to portray the act of smoking through the hookah, thus regardless of them meaning two unique things, the two words can, at last, be utilized conversely.

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Carbonara-Simple and Delicious Recipe

Today, I will guide you through one of the easiest Italian dishes that you can try @ home. It is easy, fast and deliciously creamy. Make sure to try out this cheesy and creamy dish!! Its called Pasta Carbonara.

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For this dish you will need the following ingredients:

Spaghetti

Large eggs

Freshly grated Parmesan

Holland Cheese

Button Mushroom, sliced

Bacon or Chicken cubes

Cream(for cooking)

Soy Sauce

Garlic, minced

Salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste

Parsley leaves

Directions: 

1) In a hot boiling pot of salt water, cook the spaghetti until al dente(pasta that is cooked to be firm to the bite) and set aside after draining the water.

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2)  Sauté the minced garlic and button mushroom using butter and add a few drops of soy sauce for smell. Set aside.

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3) In a small bowl, whisk together eggs and Parmesan; set aside.

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4) Over a large pan, heat oil and cook bacon/chicken cubes until cook.

5) Working quickly, stir in pasta and egg mixture, together with Holland cheese. Add in cream for cooking as well. Season with salt and pepper, to taste.

6) Add in the spaghetti and gently toss to combine all mixture. 

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Thats all folks!!! Jgn lupa cuba 😎

The different types of Earphones/Headphones

There are so many variations of headphones and earphones in the market that exist out there nowadays... Its important to note what is the primary purpose of you buying the headphones in the first place. Are you gonna us it to listen to music? Watch movies with it? Listen to some Recordings of your own? Perhaps use it on a DJ turn table set. You would be surprised to know that there are different specs of headphones out there that exist for specific reasons that the user is intending to use.

Earbuds Headphones

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These are just called as Earbuds; an enormous distinct advantage in earphone industry which was being overwhelmed by extensive massive over-the-head partners.

Because of little impression, outrageous movability and adopt it-where-you-go strategy deals record broke everywhere throughout the world.

Keep in mind: Sony Walkman?

It promoted the utilization of Earbuds Earphones.

They are modest, little and offer great sound quality at a moderate cost.

These kinds of earphones are made at a huge scale even at this point...

...anyway sound fan attempt to avoid them.

Most Well known adaptation of Earbuds Earphones offer incredible sound quality at shabby cost.

Be that as it may, alternate breeds aren't at standard with them.

Earbuds earphones are poor regarding...

Obstructing Outside Commotion

Fit Ineffectively inside our Ears

Drop out every now and again

Now and again; can be Terrible to Ears

Brands like Philips and Sennheiser presented earbuds with an ear-snare outline...

...in any case, that didn't enhanced its poor commotion separation and harmful nature.

Gratefully mainstream Earphone makers like Philips, Sennheiser, Sony and numerous more have taken into the disadvantages of these sorts of earphones...

...what's more, have quit presenting fresher Earbuds models.

The following are the Advantages and disadvantages of Earbud Earphones

Pros:                                                                                    Cons:

-Portable                                                                              -Miserable at Blocking Outside Nosie

-Cheap Price                                                                        -Poor Fit and Fall Out

                                                                                             

In-Ear Headphones

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These kinds of earphones offer magnificent cost to-execution proportion… 

… and adored by all music fans. 

In-ear earphones are littlest of all: 

Being unbelievably light-weight; offering a normal weight of 1-1.6 ounces (included wire weight). 

These sorts of earphones effectively seal your ear trench opening; offering great commotion disconnection… 

… relying upon headphones you possess and ear-tips you wear. 

In-ear Earphones offer appropriate seal enabling you to make the most of your music in your home, amid movement and anyplace you be. 

When music is played through these kinds of earphones, the majority of the surrounding commotion gets blocked like winged animals twittering, bystander strides, auto going by et cetera. 

Well! 

Sharp clamors like auto blares, tire shrieking and sound of prepare vibrations by means of passages can without much of a stretch puncture in. 

Be that as it may: 

Drawn out utilization of these sorts of earphones causes ear aggravation; it may even reason sound haloing if utilized for over 4+ hours. 

Specialists suggest that in-ear earphones ought to be worn just for 1 hour in a day… 

… and at 70% volume max; to maintain a strategic distance from changeless ear harm. 

Connecting these kinds of earphones to your ears causes increment in ear-wax; as your ears consider headphones as outside question protest and consequently increase development of ear wax to maintain a strategic distance from it entering somewhere inside.

On Ear Headphones

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The kind of earphones which sit directly finished your external ear is called as On-Ear Earphones. 

These sorts of earphones cover your ear trenches, instead of cover your whole ear. 

They have a shut back and are favored for both indoor and open air utilization. 

Coming to sound quality, they don't emerge as these kinds of earphones don't give legitimate seal… 

… enabling surrounding commotion to spill inside. 

Bass feels muddier; if utilized outside. 

On-ear Earphones anyway are lightweight causing lesser strain on your ears and neck. 

Professionals: 

- Lightweight and simple to-wear outline 

- More up to date models presently accompany simple foldable outline 

- Less demanding to use amid drive 

Cons: 

- Froth cushioning on ear-glasses can get damp because of ear sweating 

- Offer poor commotion detachment outside because of open outline 

- Causes Warming and Disturbance of Ears if utilized for longer periods.

Over Ear Headphones

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Over-Ear Earphones have ear cups that cover the whole ear. 

At introductory look: 

Over-Ear Earphones are expansive… vast. 

Contrasted with other three kinds of earphones: 

These are attractively intended to be utilized just at home… 

… as their weight causes neck hurt if worn outside for longer time and aren't compact contrasted with different kinds of earphones. 

Wouldn't it even look interesting? In the event that you wear these earphones which appears like you've worn two major speakers on your ears. 

These earphones are agreeable to wear for delayed period as the stomach is far from ear-trench… 

… ear cushioning on these earphones sit behind the ears instead of on-ear. 

Because of this outline, soundstage is superb making space for sound to reflect normally. 

As specified before, more up to date models are less power hungry and work wonderfully well with cell phone… 

… though other bulkier power hungry models; require an intensifier to sound outstanding.

My Favorite Movie of All time!!! LOTR Trilogy

The Lord Of The Rings trilogy movies is certainly my all time favorite movies from all the movies I have watched so far narrowly beating The Matrix Trilogy !!!???!!!

Image Source: Google Images 

Image Source: Google Images

The First One: The Fellowship Of The Ring

The pace – The Story commences significantly snappier than in the book.

Cate Blanchett as Galadriel – Will make you crap your jeans.

I think Sean Bean was an incredible pick for the part of Boromir, adding a ton of weight to it. Lamentably I think this motion picture reaffirmed the "Sean Bean kicks the bucket in each film antique"

Aragorn didn't generally get the opportunity to do much in this film.

Score: 4.5 out of 5 – The Cooperation of the Rings is a standout amongst other kick-offs to a film set of three I've seen (it's on the level for me with Batman Starts and Ghost Danger). Despite everything it figures out how to catch the joyful blamelessness of the first Tolkien novel yet in addition makes a considerable measure of emotional changes that makes this in to a vastly improved film. It buildups you up well and there aren't even that numerous minutes where the running time would begin to feel once again bearing.

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The Second One: The Two Towers

Gollum is truly outstanding and most fascinating characters at any point resolved to film. Pitiable and even marginally thoughtful yet evil and curved. He fills in as a great indication of what will happen to Frodo if the ring isn't demolished. Serkis' execution is my outright most loved part of the film.

Frodo starts to fall – Elijah Wood truly offers Frodo's defilement from the ring in this and the accompanying motion picture. Though he was merry and pleasant, he currently begins to end up relatively suspicious and you even begin to question him.

Aragorn kicks ass!

Gimli and Legolas' manly relationship

Theoden's ownership scene – Mushy and completely cooked up for the motion picture, however Route superior to the comparing scene from the book.

Happy and Pippin's Enterprises with the Ents – What seems, by all accounts, to be an aggregate C-storyline ends up one of the sensational features of the film.

Clash of Rudder's Profound – With such a significant number of exhausting and over-long CG-soaked fight scenes in the other LOTR motion pictures, I can never comprehend why Jackson didn't adhere to the more grounded feel of this one.

Not by any stretch of the imagination a feedback in essence, however the film really cuts off much sooner than the comparing book in the first LOTR set of three. While this gives the film a more viable conclusion, I feel the accompanying film may have endured a smidge due to being so gawky with its degree in the first place.

Score: 5 out of 5 – The Two Towers may in actuality be the best novel to film adaption ever! It takes what was effectively the longest, most exhausting and drawn out sections of the first Tolkien piece and retools it into an amazing, energizing and activity pressed experience film. This stands close by Domain Strikes Back as extraordinary compared to other center parts of a Set of three. Accordingly, it maybe unfortunately eclipses even the film-set of three's finale.

Image Source: Google Images

The Last One: The Return Of The King

This movie really shows how far down the shitter the character falls before the finale.

+ Gollum!

+ Shelob

+ Witch King of Angmar and Eowyn’ confrontation!

+ Pippin’s awesome song number

+ The Army of the Dead

~ Saruman’s fate is not shown in the theatrical version and honestly, the version seen in the extended version is quite anti-climatic. Not that Saruman is that interesting. Despite a rousing performance by Christopher Lee, he spends the movies standing around and yelling, whereas he’s a much more interesting character in The Hobbit movies.

~ I respect that Jackson wanted to make Arwen a bigger part of the storyline, but her impeding death seems like a very artificial way of adding a “ticking clock” to the movie’s plot.

The ridiculously huge battle scenes really start to get boring in this film.

This movie just refuses to end!!!

Score: 4 out of 5 – The Return of the King is a visually stunning, epic fantasy film. It’s also criminally long and a little badly planned out from a dramatic stand-point. It really takes a long time for anything interesting to happen. Lots of cool things do eventually happen and there’s some great resolutions as well. Unfortunately, the movie drags out its finale so badly that it doesn’t feel very rewarding

Image Source: Google Images

So that is it I guess... My favorite Movie series of all time is the LOTR trilogy, and in my books it will be really hard for someone to emulate what Peter Jackson has done.

Favorite Classic Rock Band

Overview

A goliath hard shake power of the late 1980s and mid '90s, Guns N' Roses may have endured a genuine scratch to their notoriety in consequent years, however for a brief timeframe they set the highest quality level for shake 'n' move mentality. Driven by inconsistent frontman Axl Rose, who is the main residual part from its business prime, Weapons N' Roses melded punk force and exemplary rock tune structure that ended up being a more true cut of hard rock and metal than their hair-metal peers would ever want to convey.

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Most Successful Album

1987's Appetite for Destruction is seemingly the conclusive hard shake collection of the 1980s, a startling, convincing, strangely delightful take a gander at corruption, compulsion and frantic wounds at affection. Not at all like a significant part of the great time shake 'n' roll being hawked by hair-metal groups of the period, there was nothing sheltered about the sex-and-medications vision Guns N' Roses sold to their crowd.

Rose's vocals – sharp however deadly – and Cut's solid hard rock performances coordinated up superbly with a devastating cadence area to give a feeling of validness to Hunger's tunes. The collection has since gone 18-times platinum.

Controversy

Needing to proceed with the business force made conceivable by Craving, the band releasedG N' R Lies the next year.

Consolidating the Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide EP with some new tracks, Lies was generally an approach to wring more dollars out of GNR's fans previously the authority development, yet it ended up causing only migraines for the band. One of the new tracks, "One out of a Million," got prompt feedback for its homophobic and biased verses, opening the way to allegations that Weapons N' Roses weren't such a great amount of documenteries of the dingy side of life all things considered revelers in its ugliest angles.

Endeavoring to top Appetite, Guns N' Roses got madly goal-oriented on their next release. Clocking in at around 150 minutes and isolated into two separate collections, 1991's Utilization Your Figment records didn't have the focal point of Appetite for Destruction, yet their elaborate expansiveness was shocking, covering everything from instrumental anthems to techno to exemplary shake. In spite of the fact that massively effective, the records likewise reflected band pressure – drummer Matt Sorum had supplanted Steven Adler, and Izzy Stradlin was miserable with Rose's craving to grow the gathering's range past hard rock.

SLASH Quits

The essential moment most fans point to was Slash's choice to leave the band in '96, which, combined with the surrenders of other center individuals, gave Rose sole control of the Guns N' Roses band. Unfazed, Rose kept on taking a shot at material, selecting distinctive session players and contracting new band individuals, just to see them leave and be supplanted by different performers. In 2003 previous GNR individuals Slice, Duff McKagen and Matt Sorum framed Velvet Pistol with previous Stone Sanctuary Pilots' artist Scott Weiland, discharging two collections and visiting broadly before disbanding in 2008.

Image Source: Google Images

Trivia

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Axl Rose gathers antique crosses.

Slash purchased Aerosmith guitarist Joe Perry's prized Gibson Les Paul guitar years after Perry sold the guitar when he fell on difficult circumstances in the 80s. Slash quit taking as much time as is needed after Perry more than once beseeched him to offer back the guitar. Slash later gave Perry the guitar as a 50th birthday celebration exhibit.

Axl Rose completes a voice for the videogame Fantastic Robbery Auto: San Andreas.

Before Guns N' Roses marked to Geffen, they were going out in Hollywood they named Damnation House.

Evolution of ball used in Football

From pig's bladder and leather-cased balls to the modern-day Buckminster footballs, the ball used in Football has come through a long and arduous road to what it is in present day.

The advanced adjustment of football came just considerably later, before recorded references propose that the early civilisations, for example, the Chinese, Egyptians, Romans and in addition the South Americans played with a round molded ball made out of human heads, sewed material, creature bladder and skulls.

In the medieval age, these bladders were secured with cowhide to give better shape and maintenance to the ball.

Charles Goodyear

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The same guy whose name is used to name the famous brand of tyres; "GoodYear Tyres".

Charles Goodyear protected vulcanized elastic in 1836 and made the main elastic football bladder in 1855. Before that, pig's bladders were utilized as a part of footballs and their shape and size confirmed that of the football too, which implied uneven ricochet and erratic conduct of the ball.

The nineteenth century saw broad utilization of pig and cow bladders in footballs secured with calfskin, it was just in the twentieth century that the utilization of vulcanized elastic in bladders ended up normal.

Determination of size and weight of the football

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The English Football Association (FA) was formed in 1863, yet it was just nine years after the fact that a set portrayal was given for the size and weight of the football. In 1872, it was expressed that the ball must be circular with an external packaging estimating at least 27 inches and most extreme 28 creeps in outline, and the weight can be at least 13 pounds or a greatest of 15 pounds. Be that as it may, the heaviness of the ball was changed in 1937 to at least 14 pounds and a most extreme of 16.

In spite of the fact that in the previous 150 years the weight and size of the ball have stayed pretty much the same, what has changed is the material utilized as a part of assembling a ball and the state of the boards that make a ball.

Early 1900's

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The bladder of the balls was presently to a great extent made of vulcanized elastic, which could withstand its shape for a more extended span of play and overwhelming weight as well.

The external packaging of the balls was made utilizing 18 pieces of cowhide, sewed together utilizing hemp and trim into six boards of three segments each. These balls were bound up in the wake of embeddings the bladder and expanding it and must be re-swelled a few times amid an amusement to keep up its self-restraint.

The material of the ball made it a considerable measure heavier particularly amid downpours, bringing about wounds to players while heading amid an amusement. These balls likewise corrupted amid a match on occasion and certain balls contrasted in their conduct from other because of the calfskin being utilized.

Improvements after WWII

Given the inconsistencies in the past football outlines, advance improvements were all together.

In the first place material pieces were included between the bladder and calfskin packaging to give the ball that additional pad, making it less demanding to control. Cowhide was covered with manufactured and other non-permeable materials, to give waterproofing and a littler and more effective valve was presented, which helped the termination of bound balls.

In the 1950s, white and orange balls were allowed to be utilized alongside the typical darker shaded calfskin balls in floodlights and snow, separately

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The Buckminster Football Design

The Buckminster Ball idea was the brainchild of one American designer Richard Buckminster Fuller. He got this thought while looking into on approaches to develop structures utilizing least materials.

Basically, a Buckminster ball comprises of 20 hexagonal and 12 pentagonal patches. This is a similar white and debase which huge numbers of us have seen all through our adolescence.

The primary engineered ball was created just in the 1960s however then calfskin ball were considered to have a superior skip and control. With the progression in innovation, the phone structure of calfskin ball was imitated artificially to give the ball an indistinguishable sort of conduct from its cowhide partners, prompting their entire substitution by the more up to date footballs in the 1980s.

The primary authority football of the FIFA World Glass was the Adidas Telstar in 1970, which depended on the Buckminster outline.

Image Source: Google Images

Modern Era Football

Most footballs in the cutting edge depend on the 32-board Buckminster outline with minor varieties. Less boards like the beforehand utilized 18-board configuration were less steady than the 32-board ones and had more bend.

The 32 hexagons and pentagons, when sewn together, frame a relatively consummate circle and because of its ergonomics and solidness it's presently broadly utilized.

Numerous new outlines see the light of the day consistently with the goal of making a speedier, more precise ball with a solid form and a delicate vibe. The huge games organizations behind these outlines are endeavoring to additionally enhance a fundamental protest of the game that has been idealized over the previous century, and it doesn't resemble the they will stop at any point in the near future.

Genghis Khan

Today we take a look at the biodata and brief history of one of the greatest warriors and emperor in the history of mankind; Genghis Khan.

Image: Google Images

Conceived in north focal Mongolia around 1162, Genghis Khan was initially named "Temujin" after a Tatar chieftain that his dad, Yesukhei, had caught. Youthful Temujin was an individual from the Borjigin clan and a relative of Khabul Khan, who quickly joined Mongols against the Jin (Button) Tradition of northern China in the mid 1100s. As indicated by the "Mystery History of the Mongols" (a contemporary record of Mongol history), Temujin was conceived with a blood coagulation in his grasp, a sign in Mongol legends that he was bound to wind up a pioneer. His mom, Hoelun, showed him the terrible reality of living in turbulent Mongol ancestral society and the requirement for collusions.

At the point when Temujin was 9, his dad took him to live with the group of his future lady of the hour, Borte. On the arrival trip home, Yesukhei experienced individuals from the opponent Tatar clan, who welcomed him to an appeasing feast, where he was harmed for past transgressions against the Tatars. After becoming aware of his dad's passing, Temujin returned home to assert his situation as tribe boss. In any case, the faction declined to perceive the young man's authority and alienated his group of more youthful siblings and relatives to close displaced person status. The weight on the family was incredible, and in a disagreement about the crown jewels of a chasing undertaking, Temujin fought with and executed his stepbrother, Bekhter, affirming his situation as leader of the family.

Image Source: Google Images

The 'Universal Ruler'

At the point when Temujin was around 20, he was caught in a strike by previous family partners, the Taichi'uts, and briefly subjugated. He got away with the assistance of a thoughtful captor, and joined his siblings and a few other clansmen to shape a battling unit. Temujin started his ease back climb to control by building a vast armed force of in excess of 20,000 men. He set out to decimate conventional divisions among the different clans and join the Mongols under his run the show.

Through a mix of exceptional military strategies and hardhearted fierceness, Temujin vindicated his dad's murder by annihilating the Tatar armed force, and requested the slaughtering of each Tatar male who was more than around 3 feet tall (taller than the linchpin, or hub stick, of a wagon wheel). Temujin's Mongols at that point crushed the Taichi'ut utilizing a progression of huge mounted force assaults, including having the majority of the Taichi'ut boss bubbled alive. By 1206, Temujin had likewise crushed the effective Naiman clan, hence giving him control of focal and eastern Mongolia.

The early achievement of the Mongol armed force owed much to the splendid military strategies of Genghis Khan, and also his comprehension of his adversaries' inspirations. He utilized a broad covert agent organize and rushed to embrace new innovations from his foes. The all around prepared Mongol armed force of 80,000 warriors facilitated their progress with an advanced flagging arrangement of smoke and consuming lights. Extensive drums sounded orders to charge, and further requests were passed on with hail signals. Each warrior was completely furnished with a bow, bolts, a shield, a blade and a rope. He additionally conveyed expansive saddlebags for nourishment, apparatuses and save garments. The saddlebag was waterproof and could be swelled to fill in as an existence preserver when crossing profound and quick moving waterways. Cavalrymen conveyed a little sword, spears, body reinforcement, a fight hatchet or mace, and a spear with a snare to pull adversaries off of their stallions. The Mongols were obliterating in their assaults. Since they could move a running steed utilizing just their legs, their hands were allowed to shoot bolts. The whole armed force was trailed by an efficient supply arrangement of oxcarts conveying nourishment for fighters and monsters alike, and additionally military gear, shamans for profound and therapeutic guide, and authorities to inventory the goods.

Following the triumphs over the opponent Mongol clans, other inborn pioneers consented to peace and offered on Temujin the title of "Genghis Khan," which signifies "general ruler." The title conveyed political significance, as well as otherworldly criticalness. The main shaman announced Genghis Khan the agent of Mongke Koko Tengri (the "Interminable Blue Sky"), the preeminent divine force of the Mongols. With this announcement of perfect status, it was acknowledged that his fate was to administer the world. Religious resistance was polished in the Mongol Realm, however to oppose the Incomparable Khan was equivalent to challenging the will of God. It was with such religious intensity that Genghis Khan should have said to one of his foes, "I am the thrash of God. In the event that you had not conferred extraordinary sins, God would not have sent a discipline like me upon you."

Image Source: Google Images

Death

Genghis Khan passed on in 1227, not long after the accommodation of the Xi Xia. The correct reason for his demise is obscure. A few history specialists keep up that he tumbled off a stallion while on a chase, and kicked the bucket of exhaustion and wounds. Others battle that he passed on of respiratory malady. Genghis Khan was covered without markings, as per the traditions of his clan, some place close to his origin—near the Onon Stream and the Khentii Mountains in northern Mongolia. As indicated by legend, the memorial service escort murdered anybody and anything they experienced to cover the area of the entombment site, and a stream was redirected over Genghis Khan's grave to make it difficult to discover.

Prior to his passing, Genghis Khan offered preeminent initiative to his child Ogedei, who controlled the greater part of eastern Asia, including China. Whatever remains of the realm was isolated among his different children: Chagatai assumed control focal Asia and northern Iran; Tolui, being the most youthful, gotten a little region close to the Mongol country; and Jochi (who was executed before Genghis Khan's passing). Jochi and his child, Batu, took control of present day Russia and shaped the Brilliant Swarm. The domain's extension proceeded and achieved its top under Ogedei Khan's authority. Mongol armed forces in the long run attacked Persia, the Tune Line in southern China, and the Balkans. Exactly when the Mongol armed forces had achieved the doors of Vienna, Austria, driving leader Batu got expression of the Incomparable Khan Ogedei's passing and was gotten back to Mongolia. In this way, the crusade lost energy, denoting the Mongol's most distant intrusion into Europe.

Among the numerous descendents of Genghis Khan is Kublai Khan, who was the child of Tolui, Genghis Khan's most youthful child. At a youthful age, Kublai had a solid enthusiasm for Chinese human advancement and, for the duration he could ever imagine, did much to consolidate Chinese traditions and culture into Mongol run the show. Kublai rose to noticeable quality in 1251, when his oldest sibling, Mongke, moved toward becoming Khan of the Mongol Realm and set him as legislative leader of the southern domains. Kublai separated himself by expanding farming generation and growing Mongol region. After Mongke's demise, Kublai and his other sibling, Arik Boke, battled for control of the domain. Following three years of intertribal fighting, Kublai was successful, and he was made Awesome Khan and sovereign of the Yuan Tradition of China.

The best Ais Kacang in the whole wide world

Today I am gonna recommend the best ais kacang in the whole world found in Ipoh. So whoever visiting Ipoh or planning to go vacation there, make sure not to miss out on this truely unique ais kacang which I am sure you will never be able to find anywhere else in Malaysia.

Image: Google Images

You can find this mouthwatering dessert at Tong Sui Kai Night Stallswhich is located in front of SRJK (C) Sam Tet in Ipoh. This dish is served with shaved ice with rose syrup and condensed milk and with close to a dozen diffenrent types of fruits

Image: Google Images

The name, "Tong Sui Kai" which roughly translates to ‘dessert street’ is always doing well once the sun sets as it brings a wave of teenagers and a handful of late-nighters to indulge in all that the stalls have prepared. 

Image: Google Image

Despite the "ABC" being the darling of many visitors, there are other mouth-watering cuisines which is bound to satisfy your taste buds like the mushroom and chicken slices Wan Tan Mee and also the Pangkor Curry noodles.

Image: Google Image

The famous Cheong Kee Beef Noodles is located at Stall No. 47 where the hearty noodles are loved for their springy beef balls and smooth kuey teow noodles served in a tasty light broth.

Image: Google Image

Most of the stalls begin operation from 6pm and ends around 2am daily, they might close later above 2am during Saturday or public holidays night time.

So if you are in and around the area, do not miss the chance to savour the truely uniqe dishes as well as the classics that this place has to offer.

Quartz

Quartz- a common stone used in watches and clocks. But where do they come from and what is its significance??

Quartz is a chemical compound consisting of one part silicon and two parts oxygen. It is silicon dioxide (SiO2). It is the most abundant mineral found at Earth's surface, and its unique properties make it one of the most useful natural substances.

Quartz can be considered the most abundant and widely distributed mineral that can be found in the earth's crust. It is highly resistant to both mechanical and chemical weathering. This durability makes it the dominant mineral of mountaintops and the primary constituent of beach, river, and desert sand. Quartz is ubiquitous, plentiful and durable. Minable deposits are found throughout the world.

Uses of Quartz

According to Mohs Scale (a scale of hardness based on the ability of one mineral to scratch another)

, Quartz scores a magnitude of 7 which makes it relatively hard and gives it an abrasive property. Quartz sands and finely ground silica sand are used for sand blasting, scouring cleansers, grinding media, and grit for sanding and sawing.

Quartz sand is used as a filler in the manufacture of rubber, paint, and putty. Screened and washed, carefully sized quartz grains are used as filter media and roofing granules. Quartz sands are used for traction in the railroad and mining industries. These sands are also used in recreation on golf courses, volleyball courts, baseball fields, children's sand boxes and beaches.

Quartz crystal meanwhile has an ability to vibrate at precise frequency. It is this property that makes this mineral essential in making an extremely accurate time-keeping instrument and equipment that can transmit radio and television signals with precise and stable frequencies. The tiny devices used for these purposes are known as “crystal oscillators.” billions of quartz crystals are used to make oscillators for watches, clocks, radios, televisions, electronic games, computers, cell phones, electronic meters, and GPS equipment.

Quartz can also be made as an accessory jewellery item. It can make an excellent gemstone since it is hard durable and can be polished as well. There are a number of popular types of quartz that can be used as gems such as rose quartz(shown in pic), amethyst, citrine and aventurine.

Mining Method

Quartz is extracted from open pit mines. Miners only use explosives on rare occasions when they need to expose a deep seam of quartz. The reason for this is that although quartz is known for its hardness, it damages easily if it is suddenly exposed to a change in temperature, such as that caused by a blast. Instead, mining operations use bulldozers and backhoes to remove soil and clay, and expose the quartz crystal veins in the rock. A backhoe is a piece of excavating equipment with a tractor and loading bucket.

That's all for now. Hope the next time we see Quartz somewhere in any of our instrument or electrical equipment, we will appreciate how this piece of rock has made our advancement in technology easier and possible!!

All images taken from Google Images.